Kostas Charalampidis was born in Thessaloniki and started his basketball career by playing at the team of P.K. Neapolis. He continued his career playing for Makedonikos team with which he achieved to be in the final of ULEB CUP in 2006.

Also, he played at Olimpia Larisas while for the seasons 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 he had a key role at the team of Marousi. Since then he played for many teams of the A1 National Division such as Panellinios, Aris and KAOD while from 2012 until today he is playing for PAOK.

The seasons 2000 and 2002 he won the title of the A2 National Division Champion with the team of Makedonikos and the same title he won in 2012 with Enel Brindisi in Italy.